Kelvin planck statement

Clausius statement
Rudolf clausius second law of thermodynamics
Clausius-clapeyron equation

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Rudolf Julius Emmanuel Clausius

Biography

Rudolf Clausius's father, Rev C E G Clausius, was a Councillor of the Royal Government School Board. He founded a small private school, becoming its Principal, and as a minister of the church he also served as its pastor. Rudolf was brought up in a large family, being the sixth of his father's sons. He attended his father's school for a few years and then moved to a Gymnasium in Stettin (now Szczecin, Poland) where he remained until he had completed his schooling in 1840. One of his brothers, Robert Clausius, wrote that at school:-

... all intimate with him learnt to esteem his reliability and truthfulness. ... the greatest confidence and trust were placed in him. His judgement ... was highly valued.

Clausius entered the University of Berlin in 1840 although at this stage he was still not clear which subjects he would pursue. For a while he was strongly attracted towards history, but finally he decided to concentrate on mathematics and physics. It was in these subjects that he completed his degree by Easter of the year 1844 and

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Rudolf J. E. Clausius

Rudolf Clausius - the specialist in thermodynamics through all ages

I. Biography

Rudolf Clausius was born on 2^ND January 1822 in Koszalin, Poland and died on 24^TH August 1888 in Bonn. He went to a private school belonging to his father who was a Pastor and a regional legal adviser and later to a grammar school in Szczecin. In 1840 he started his studies at Berlin University at the same time as teaching at Friedrich-Wanderschen grammar school in Berlin. In 1847 he got a PhD in Philosophy Sciences in Halle as a result of his studies on rainbow and other optical phenomena in the atmosphere. After publishing his famous work in 1850 he worked first at the Royal School of Artillery and Engineering in Berlin and from 1855 at the Higher Confederate Technical School (ETH) in Zurich, where he productively worked as a professor of mathematical physics for twelve years. During years 1867-1869 he worked at the University in Würzburg. Next he moved to Bonn, where he first worked as a professor and then even as a rector of the university.

He married Adelaide R

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Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius

The German physicist Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (1822-1888) was one of the chief architects of thermodynamics and the kinetic theory of gases.

Born on Jan. 2, 1822, in Köslin, Pomerania, R. J. E. Clausius was the sixth son of the 18 children of the Reverend C. E. G. Clausius, a Lutheran pastor and councilor of the Royal Government School Board in Köslin. Young Clausius received much of his primary and secondary education in the private school which his father established in Uckermünde. After graduating from the gymnasium in Stettin, Clausius enrolled at the University of Berlin, and in 1844 he obtained his teacher's certificate.

During the next 6 years Clausius taught physics at the Friedrich Werder Gymnasium in Berlin. He received his doctoral degree in 1848 from the University of Halle with a dissertation which gave for the first time the explanation of the blue sky and red sunset in terms of the selective reflection of various wavelengths of light by particles present in the atmosphere. In 1850 Clausius became professor of physics at t